Understanding Gum Disease

Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is a common yet preventable condition that affects the gums and supporting structures of the teeth. Left untreated, it can lead to tooth loss and other health complications. In this blog, we’ll explore the stages of gum disease, its causes, early warning signs, and practical tips for preventing it.

What is Gum Disease?
Gum disease is an infection of the tissues that surround and support your teeth. It usually starts as inflammation of the gums (gingivitis) and can progress to more severe forms that affect the bones and ligaments that keep your teeth in place (periodontitis).

Causes of Gum Disease
The primary cause of gum disease is the buildup of plaque—a sticky film of bacteria that forms on your teeth and gums. If not removed through proper brushing and flossing, plaque hardens into tartar, which can only be removed by a dentist. Other contributing factors include:

Poor oral hygiene: Irregular brushing and flossing allow plaque to build up.
Smoking and tobacco use: This weakens the immune system, making it harder to fight infections.
Hormonal changes: Pregnancy, menopause, and menstruation can make gums more sensitive, increasing the risk of gum disease.
Diabetes: Uncontrolled diabetes can impair gum health and make infections more likely.
Medications: Some medications can reduce saliva flow, which helps protect gums.

Stages of Gum Disease

Gingivitis

Signs: Red, swollen, or tender gums that bleed easily when brushing or flossing.
Causes: Plaque buildup along the gumline is the most common cause of gingivitis.
Reversibility: Gingivitis is the only stage of gum disease that is reversible with proper oral care and professional dental cleanings.

Periodontitis

Signs: Gums begin to pull away from the teeth, forming pockets that can trap bacteria. You might notice persistent bad breath, gum recession, or loose teeth.
Causes: Untreated gingivitis can advance to periodontitis, where the infection spreads below the gumline and damages the bone supporting the teeth.
Reversibility: Periodontitis cannot be reversed, but it can be managed with professional treatment to prevent further damage.

Prevention of Gum Disease
The good news is that gum disease is largely preventable. By adopting healthy habits and following these tips, you can protect your gums and maintain your oral health:

• Brush Twice a Day
  Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste to gently clean your teeth and gums. Make sure to brush for at least two minutes, focusing on the gumline where plaque often builds up.
• Use interdental tepes and floss daily
  Flossing is essential for removing plaque and food particles between your teeth and along the gumline that your toothbrush can’t reach. Be sure to floss gently to avoid irritating the gums, if you have larger gaps between your teeth, use interdental aids such as tepe brushes daily.
• Use an Antibacterial Mouthwash
  Rinsing with an antibacterial mouthwash can help reduce plaque and control bacteria that cause gum disease.
• Regular Maintenance Visits
  Visit us every six months for professional cleanings and dental health checks. During these visits, your dental therapist can remove tartar buildup and check for early signs of gum disease.
• Quit Smoking
  Smoking weakens your immune system, making it harder for your body to fight off infections, including gum disease. Quitting smoking is one of the best things you can do for your oral and overall health.
• Maintain a Healthy Diet
  Eating a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals, particularly calcium and vitamin C, can help strengthen your gums and teeth.
• Stay Hydrated
  Drinking water helps wash away food particles and bacteria, while also promoting saliva production. Saliva naturally helps keep your mouth clean and reduces the risk of plaque buildup.

When to See a Dentist
If you experience any of the early warning signs mentioned above, or if you have persistent bad breath or pain while chewing, don’t wait. Seeing your dentist as soon as possible can prevent gum disease from advancing and causing more significant problems.

Gum disease is a serious but preventable condition. By recognising the early warning signs and practicing good oral hygiene habits, you can maintain healthy gums and prevent the progression of this disease. Remember, regular dental visits are key to catching problems early and keeping your smile healthy for life.

If you have any concerns about your gum health or need to schedule a dental health check, don’t hesitate to contact us today. Prevention is always better than cure!